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<h1>English notes <span class=version>写作</span></h1>



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<div class='writing item'>
	<h2>习惯 <span class=note>写作</span></h2>
    <p>只听不写记不住，只写不听难交流。</p>
	
	<h3>从模仿句子开始</h3>
	<p>不管是短文还是杂句，在不改变原意的基础上进行模仿/改写，就能极大程度的避免语法的错误。模仿前拆分长难句，提取主要句型结构。</p>

    <p>不改变句子的情况下，修改句子：
		1.主动/被动替换；
		2.第一/第三人称互换；
		3.同义词替换：动词、形容词、副词、短语等；
    </p>
	<p>可执行的计划：每天模仿/改写两三句。</p>
    <p>贴吧:<a target="_blank" href="https://tieba.baidu.com/p/8581750234">仿写句子</a> |
        <a target="_blank" href="https://tieba.baidu.com/p/8947792025">科技论文写作：词汇/句子</a>
    </p>
    <p>豆瓣小组:
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.douban.com/group/634506/">我的豆瓣</a>
    </p>

	<h3>独立创作</h3>
	<p>毕竟模仿始终是模仿，这时遵循多写原则，持续练习，进行实战训练。</p>
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<div class='writing item'>
	<h2>0 类型 <span class=note>大作文题材</span></h2>
	<h3>雅思写作十大类母题</h3>
	<a target="_blank" href="http://www.hjenglish.com/new/p353008/">refer &gt;&gt;</a>
	<ul>
		<li>1.教育</li>
		<li>2.生态保护</li>
		<li>3.科技与发明</li>
		<li>4.媒体与广告</li>
		<li>5.政府与城市化</li>
		<li>6.社会与家庭</li>
		<li>7.犯罪与法律</li>
		<li>8.文化、语言、旅游、全球化</li>
		<li>9.职业发展与生活方式</li>
		<li>10.抽象</li>
	</ul>
	<a target="_blank" href="writting/writting_predict1.txt">写作预测20题</a>



<h3>考研作文话题 30 篇: 整理具体的思路和素材</h3>
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table { border-collapse:collapse; } 
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<table border="1">
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>话题分类</td>
      <td>题目</td>
      <td>话题分类</td>
      <td>题目</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td rowspan="5">科技</td>
      <td>智能手机</td>
      <td rowspan="4">工作</td>
      <td>远程工作</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>社交媒体</td>
      <td>兼职工作</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>人工智能</td>
      <td>跳槽</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>在线购物</td>
      <td>团队合作</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>自动驾驶</td>
      <td rowspan="5">环境</td>
      <td>塑料污染</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td rowspan="6">社会</td>
      <td>人口老龄化</td>
      <td>濒危物种</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>城市生活</td>
      <td>气候变化</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>广告</td>
      <td>旅游业影响</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>消费主义</td>
      <td>核能的利弊</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>公众健康</td>
      <td rowspan="3">文化</td>
      <td>保护古建筑</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>名人崇拜</td>
      <td>濒危语言</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td rowspan="4">教育</td>
      <td>在线教育</td>
      <td>全球化与当地文化</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>终身学习</td>
      <td rowspan="3">个人品质</td>
      <td>诚信</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>间隔年</td>
      <td>野心</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>出国留学</td>
      <td>坚持</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>


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<div class='writing item'>
	<h2>2. 写作: <span class=note>大作文第一段</span></h2>
	<h3>话题</h3>
	<p>  雅思写作考试议论文涉及健康、环保、教育、科技、道德、文化、犯罪、家庭、政府等话题。最近10年涉及话题300多个，话题范围涵盖广泛，如果考生没有充足的准备，即使用中文也不容易表述自己的观点，更别谈还需要对观点进行充分的论证了。</p>
	
	<p>  权威的英文杂志包括：中国日报英文版(China Daily), 经济学人(the Economist), 时代周刊(TIME), 美国读者(the Reader’s Digest), 卫报(the Guardian), 发现(Discover)等。英文报刊紧贴热点话题，辞藻丰富，能给学生提供丰富的写作素材。</p>

	<h3>附件</h3>
	<p><a target="_blank" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU5MTA0MDY1Nw==&mid=2247485580&idx=1&sn=00617b19e278492220f591307eecb999&chksm=fe345172c943d8640373f62e28d5d3749aaf609c3204ca1eabbe8f16fa3108814e0234dd8ed2&mpshare=1&scene=24&srcid=1204WiM67I3fSkXDHi0HgMKj&pass_ticket=j5947j0OIAw8gvC6K9iEtLWdvW1HD0l3wtNUtyRVvfgFqR77NdxggFhwu4hQYB1d#rd">词汇笔记 | 雅思写作逻辑连接词（附高级替换词）</a><br>
	
	<a target="_blank" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU5MTA0MDY1Nw==&mid=2247484973&idx=1&sn=54c1b52eb3442a8ed2f4ca8e669fe0e5&chksm=fe345fd3c943d6c5ea123e85174f386c0d35e82808e0abb1580821739e2db386e32d101c66c7&mpshare=1&scene=24&srcid=1009jalNAGHdvWKWmL59hKmc&pass_ticket=j5947j0OIAw8gvC6K9iEtLWdvW1HD0l3wtNUtyRVvfgFqR77NdxggFhwu4hQYB1d#rd">雅思写作必背的100个常用词汇（附替换词）</a> | 
	<a target="_blank" href='writting/synonym_replacement-100views-related.txt'>同义词替换-观点相关100词.txt</a><br>
	
	<a target="_blank" href="writting/大作文评分标准.pdf">大作文评分标准.pdf</a><br>
	
	<a target="_blank" href="writting/雅思大作文话题词汇.docx">雅思大作文话题词汇.docx</a><br>
	

<h3>总结</h3>
	强化写作1（2h）:本节主要讲解：1.考试要求。2.题目类型。3.评分标准。并结合评分标准，讲解全文结构中的开头段落的写作。通过对题目中key words的划区，分析和替换，加上适当的逻辑连接，以及语法内容（时态和名词性从句），来完成introduction的写作。课上我们对利弊类（C9T1，2016.02.13真题）以及双边讨论类（C8T1，C9T3）进行了练习和范文的对比来强调所讲内容。课下大家注意复习和积累相关词汇（雅思写作100词，话题词汇，逻辑连接词）。<br><br>
	【作业】1.雅思写作词汇1-20。2.完成3个开头段落：C9T3，C9T2，2016.01.14:In some countries, the government has tried to reduce traffic, for instance, they imposed a congestion tax during rush hour. Do you think this development is positive or negative?<br>
	
<h3>讨论</h3>
	<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/DawnEve/IELTS/issues/3">写作课笔记>></a><br>
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<div class='writing item'>
	<h2>1. 写作: <span class=note>大作文body段</span></h2>
	<h3>模板素材</h3>
	德智体美劳几个方面的模板句。<br>
	
	<h3>交通类话题</h3>
	题型：利弊分析：收税-减少交通-降低污染，同时增加收入-用于修建高架桥等基础设置，和治理污染<br>
	逻辑关系：主要到次要；或者从小到大（个人，家庭/社会，国家/全球）
	<h3>作业</h3>
	交通类真题: C8 p79 p167, C9 p54。尝试写真题，对照、研究、学习考官范文。<br>
	继续背诵替换词、逻辑连接词20-30号。
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<div class='writing item'>
	<h2>写作替换词 <span class=note>英语写作常用替换词</span></h2>
	
	<h3>★ 形容词：</h3>
<pre>
1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken
2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off
3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding
4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous
5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable
6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest
7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome
8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous
9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching
10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigourous =animated
11. 流行的： popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive
</pre>

	<h3>★ 动词：</h3>
<pre>
1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize
2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger
3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with
4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate
5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture
6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur
7. 认为： think = assert= hold = claim = argue
8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve
9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold
10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize
11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten
</pre>


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<div class=box> 友情链接:
	<a target="_blank" title="底部有词汇、听说读写建议" href="http://liuxue.hujiang.com/zt/ysrm/">沪江英语</a> | 
	<a target="_blank" href="http://dict.youdao.com">有道词典</a> | 
	<a target="_blank" href="https://translate.google.com">谷歌翻译</a> |
	<a target="_blank" href="https://www.bing.com">必应搜索</a> | 	
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